unicorn/qemu/include/exec/exec-all.h

/*
 * internal execution defines for qemu
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#ifndef EXEC_ALL_H
#define EXEC_ALL_H

#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "exec/tb-context.h"

/* allow to see translation results - the slowdown should be negligible, so we leave it */
#define DEBUG_DISAS

/* Page tracking code uses ram addresses in system mode, and virtual
   addresses in userspace mode.  Define tb_page_addr_t to be an appropriate
   type.  */
#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
typedef abi_ulong tb_page_addr_t;
#else
typedef ram_addr_t tb_page_addr_t;
#endif

/* is_jmp field values */
#define DISAS_NEXT    0 /* next instruction can be analyzed */
#define DISAS_JUMP    1 /* only pc was modified dynamically */
#define DISAS_UPDATE  2 /* cpu state was modified dynamically */
#define DISAS_TB_JUMP 3 /* only pc was modified statically */

#include "qemu/log.h"

void gen_intermediate_code(CPUArchState *env, struct TranslationBlock *tb);
void restore_state_to_opc(CPUArchState *env, struct TranslationBlock *tb,
                          target_ulong *data);
bool cpu_restore_state(CPUState *cpu, uintptr_t searched_pc);

void QEMU_NORETURN cpu_loop_exit_noexc(CPUState *cpu);

void QEMU_NORETURN cpu_io_recompile(CPUState *cpu, uintptr_t retaddr);
TranslationBlock *tb_gen_code(CPUState *cpu,
                              target_ulong pc, target_ulong cs_base,
                              uint32_t flags,
                              int cflags);
#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
void cpu_list_lock(void);
void cpu_list_unlock(void);
#else
static inline void cpu_list_unlock(void)
{
}
static inline void cpu_list_lock(void)
{
}
#endif

void cpu_exec_init(CPUState *env, void *opaque);

void QEMU_NORETURN cpu_loop_exit(CPUState *cpu);
void QEMU_NORETURN cpu_loop_exit_restore(CPUState *cpu, uintptr_t pc);

#if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
/**
 * cpu_address_space_init:
 * @cpu: CPU to add this address space to
 * @as: address space to add
 * @asidx: integer index of this address space
 *
 * Add the specified address space to the CPU's cpu_ases list.
 * The address space added with @asidx 0 is the one used for the
 * convenience pointer cpu->as.
 * The target-specific code which registers ASes is responsible
 * for defining what semantics address space 0, 1, 2, etc have.
 *
 * Before the first call to this function, the caller must set
 * cpu->num_ases to the total number of address spaces it needs
 * to support.
 *
 * Note that with KVM only one address space is supported.
 */
void cpu_address_space_init(CPUState *cpu, AddressSpace *as, int asidx);

/* cputlb.c */
/**
 * tlb_flush_page:
 * @cpu: CPU whose TLB should be flushed
 * @addr: virtual address of page to be flushed
 *
 * Flush one page from the TLB of the specified CPU, for all
 * MMU indexes.
 */
void tlb_flush_page(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr);
/**
 * tlb_flush:
 * @cpu: CPU whose TLB should be flushed
 * @flush_global: ignored
 *
 * Flush the entire TLB for the specified CPU.
 * The flush_global flag is in theory an indicator of whether the whole
 * TLB should be flushed, or only those entries not marked global.
 * In practice QEMU does not implement any global/not global flag for
 * TLB entries, and the argument is ignored.
 */

void tlb_flush(CPUState *cpu, int flush_global);
/**
 * tlb_flush_page_by_mmuidx:
 * @cpu: CPU whose TLB should be flushed
 * @addr: virtual address of page to be flushed
 * @...: list of MMU indexes to flush, terminated by a negative value
 *
 * Flush one page from the TLB of the specified CPU, for the specified
 * MMU indexes.
 */
void tlb_flush_page_by_mmuidx(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr, ...);
/**
 * tlb_flush_by_mmuidx:
 * @cpu: CPU whose TLB should be flushed
 * @...: list of MMU indexes to flush, terminated by a negative value
 *
 * Flush all entries from the TLB of the specified CPU, for the specified
 * MMU indexes.
 */
void tlb_flush_by_mmuidx(CPUState *cpu, ...);
/**
 * tlb_set_page_with_attrs:
 * @cpu: CPU to add this TLB entry for
 * @vaddr: virtual address of page to add entry for
 * @paddr: physical address of the page
 * @attrs: memory transaction attributes
 * @prot: access permissions (PAGE_READ/PAGE_WRITE/PAGE_EXEC bits)
 * @mmu_idx: MMU index to insert TLB entry for
 * @size: size of the page in bytes
 *
 * Add an entry to this CPU's TLB (a mapping from virtual address
 * @vaddr to physical address @paddr) with the specified memory
 * transaction attributes. This is generally called by the target CPU
 * specific code after it has been called through the tlb_fill()
 * entry point and performed a successful page table walk to find
 * the physical address and attributes for the virtual address
 * which provoked the TLB miss.
 *
 * At most one entry for a given virtual address is permitted. Only a
 * single TARGET_PAGE_SIZE region is mapped; the supplied @size is only
 * used by tlb_flush_page.
 */
void tlb_set_page_with_attrs(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong vaddr,
                             hwaddr paddr, MemTxAttrs attrs,
                             int prot, int mmu_idx, target_ulong size);
/* tlb_set_page:
 *
 * This function is equivalent to calling tlb_set_page_with_attrs()
 * with an @attrs argument of MEMTXATTRS_UNSPECIFIED. It's provided
 * as a convenience for CPUs which don't use memory transaction attributes.
 */
void tlb_set_page(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong vaddr,
                  hwaddr paddr, int prot,
                  int mmu_idx, target_ulong size);

void tb_invalidate_phys_addr(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr);

#else
static inline void tlb_flush_page(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr)
{
}

static inline void tlb_flush(CPUState *cpu, int flush_global)
{
}

static inline void tlb_flush_page_by_mmuidx(CPUState *cpu,
                                            target_ulong addr, ...)
{
}

static inline void tlb_flush_by_mmuidx(CPUState *cpu, ...)
{
}
#endif

#define CODE_GEN_ALIGN           16 /* must be >= of the size of a icache line */

/* Estimated block size for TB allocation.  */
/* ??? The following is based on a 2015 survey of x86_64 host output.
   Better would seem to be some sort of dynamically sized TB array,
   adapting to the block sizes actually being produced.  */
#if defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
#define CODE_GEN_AVG_BLOCK_SIZE 400
#else
#define CODE_GEN_AVG_BLOCK_SIZE 150
#endif

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC) \
    || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__) \
    || defined(__sparc__) || defined(__aarch64__) \
    || defined(__s390x__) || defined(__mips__) \
    || defined(CONFIG_TCG_INTERPRETER)
/* NOTE: Direct jump patching must be atomic to be thread-safe. */
#define USE_DIRECT_JUMP
#endif

struct TranslationBlock {
    target_ulong pc;   /* simulated PC corresponding to this block (EIP + CS base) */
    target_ulong cs_base; /* CS base for this block */
    uint32_t flags; /* flags defining in which context the code was generated */
    uint16_t size;      /* size of target code for this block (1 <=
                           size <= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) */
    uint16_t icount;
    uint32_t cflags;    /* compile flags */
#define CF_COUNT_MASK  0x7fff
#define CF_LAST_IO     0x8000 /* Last insn may be an IO access.  */
#define CF_NOCACHE     0x10000 /* To be freed after execution */
#define CF_USE_ICOUNT  0x20000
#define CF_IGNORE_ICOUNT 0x40000 /* Do not generate icount code */

    uint16_t invalid;

    void *tc_ptr;    /* pointer to the translated code */
    uint8_t *tc_search;  /* pointer to search data */
    /* next matching tb for physical address. */
    struct TranslationBlock *phys_hash_next;
    /* first and second physical page containing code. The lower bit
       of the pointer tells the index in page_next[] */
    struct TranslationBlock *page_next[2];
    tb_page_addr_t page_addr[2];

    /* The following data are used to directly call another TB from
     * the code of this one. This can be done either by emitting direct or
     * indirect native jump instructions. These jumps are reset so that the TB
     * just continue its execution. The TB can be linked to another one by
     * setting one of the jump targets (or patching the jump instruction). Only
     * two of such jumps are supported.
     */
    uint16_t jmp_reset_offset[2]; /* offset of original jump target */
#define TB_JMP_RESET_OFFSET_INVALID 0xffff /* indicates no jump generated */
#ifdef USE_DIRECT_JUMP
    uint16_t jmp_insn_offset[2]; /* offset of native jump instruction */
#else
    uintptr_t jmp_target_addr[2]; /* target address for indirect jump */
#endif
    /* Each TB has an assosiated circular list of TBs jumping to this one.
     * jmp_list_first points to the first TB jumping to this one.
     * jmp_list_next is used to point to the next TB in a list.
     * Since each TB can have two jumps, it can participate in two lists.
     * jmp_list_first and jmp_list_next are 4-byte aligned pointers to a
     * TranslationBlock structure, but the two least significant bits of
     * them are used to encode which data field of the pointed TB should
     * be used to traverse the list further from that TB:
     * 0 => jmp_list_next[0], 1 => jmp_list_next[1], 2 => jmp_list_first.
     * In other words, 0/1 tells which jump is used in the pointed TB,
     * and 2 means that this is a pointer back to the target TB of this list.
     */
    uintptr_t jmp_list_next[2];
    uintptr_t jmp_list_first;
};

void tb_free(struct uc_struct *uc, TranslationBlock *tb);
void tb_flush(CPUState *cpu);
void tb_phys_invalidate(struct uc_struct *uc,
    TranslationBlock *tb, tb_page_addr_t page_addr);

#if defined(USE_DIRECT_JUMP)

#if defined(CONFIG_TCG_INTERPRETER)
static inline void tb_set_jmp_target1(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr)
{
    /* patch the branch destination */
    *(uint32_t *)jmp_addr = addr - (jmp_addr + 4);
    /* no need to flush icache explicitly */
}
#elif defined(_ARCH_PPC)
void ppc_tb_set_jmp_target(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr);
#define tb_set_jmp_target1 ppc_tb_set_jmp_target
#elif defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
static inline void tb_set_jmp_target1(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr)
{
    /* patch the branch destination */
    atomic_set((int32_t *)jmp_addr, addr - (jmp_addr + 4));
    /* no need to flush icache explicitly */
}
#elif defined(__s390x__)
static inline void tb_set_jmp_target1(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr)
{
    /* patch the branch destination */
    intptr_t disp = addr - (jmp_addr - 2);
    atomic_set((int32_t *)jmp_addr, disp / 2);
    /* no need to flush icache explicitly */
}
#elif defined(__aarch64__)
void aarch64_tb_set_jmp_target(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr);
#define tb_set_jmp_target1 aarch64_tb_set_jmp_target
#elif defined(__arm__)
void arm_tb_set_jmp_target(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr);
#define tb_set_jmp_target1 arm_tb_set_jmp_target
#elif defined(__sparc__) || defined(__mips__)
void tb_set_jmp_target1(uintptr_t jmp_addr, uintptr_t addr);
#else
#error tb_set_jmp_target1 is missing
#endif

static inline void tb_set_jmp_target(TranslationBlock *tb,
                                     int n, uintptr_t addr)
{
    uint16_t offset = tb->jmp_insn_offset[n];
    tb_set_jmp_target1((uintptr_t)((char*)tb->tc_ptr + offset), addr);
}

#else

/* set the jump target */
static inline void tb_set_jmp_target(TranslationBlock *tb,
                                     int n, uintptr_t addr)
{
    tb->jmp_target_addr[n] = addr;
}

#endif

static inline void tb_add_jump(TranslationBlock *tb, int n,
                               TranslationBlock *tb_next)
{
    if (tb->jmp_list_next[n]) {
        /* Another thread has already done this while we were
         * outside of the lock; nothing to do in this case */
        return;
    }
    qemu_log_mask_and_addr(CPU_LOG_EXEC, tb->pc,
                           "Linking TBs %p [" TARGET_FMT_lx
                           "] index %d -> %p [" TARGET_FMT_lx "]\n",
                           tb->tc_ptr, tb->pc, n,
                           tb_next->tc_ptr, tb_next->pc);

    /* patch the native jump address */
    tb_set_jmp_target(tb, n, (uintptr_t)tb_next->tc_ptr);

    /* add in TB jmp circular list */
    tb->jmp_list_next[n] = tb_next->jmp_list_first;
    tb_next->jmp_list_first = (uintptr_t)tb | n;
}

/* GETRA is the true target of the return instruction that we'll execute,
   defined here for simplicity of defining the follow-up macros.  */
#if defined(CONFIG_TCG_INTERPRETER)
extern uintptr_t tci_tb_ptr;
# define GETRA() tci_tb_ptr
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#include <intrin.h>
# define GETRA() (uintptr_t)_ReturnAddress()
#else
# define GETRA() \
    ((uintptr_t)__builtin_extract_return_addr(__builtin_return_address(0)))
#endif

/* The true return address will often point to a host insn that is part of
   the next translated guest insn.  Adjust the address backward to point to
   the middle of the call insn.  Subtracting one would do the job except for
   several compressed mode architectures (arm, mips) which set the low bit
   to indicate the compressed mode; subtracting two works around that.  It
   is also the case that there are no host isas that contain a call insn
   smaller than 4 bytes, so we don't worry about special-casing this.  */
#if defined(CONFIG_TCG_INTERPRETER)
# define GETPC_ADJ   0
#else
# define GETPC_ADJ   2
#endif

#define GETPC()  (GETRA() - GETPC_ADJ)

#if !defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)

void phys_mem_set_alloc(void *(*alloc)(size_t, uint64_t *align));

struct MemoryRegion *iotlb_to_region(CPUState *cpu,
                                     hwaddr index, MemTxAttrs attrs);

void tlb_fill(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr, MMUAccessType access_type,
              int mmu_idx, uintptr_t retaddr);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)
void mmap_lock(void);
void mmap_unlock(void);

static inline tb_page_addr_t get_page_addr_code(CPUArchState *env1, target_ulong addr)
{
    return addr;
}
#else
static inline void mmap_lock(void) {}
static inline void mmap_unlock(void) {}

/* cputlb.c */
tb_page_addr_t get_page_addr_code(CPUArchState *env1, target_ulong addr);

void tlb_reset_dirty(CPUState *cpu, ram_addr_t start1, ram_addr_t length);
void tlb_set_dirty(CPUState *env, target_ulong vaddr);

/* exec.c */
void tb_flush_jmp_cache(CPUState *cpu, target_ulong addr);

MemoryRegionSection *
address_space_translate_for_iotlb(CPUState *cpu, int asidx, hwaddr addr,
                                  hwaddr *xlat, hwaddr *plen);
hwaddr memory_region_section_get_iotlb(CPUState *cpu,
                                       MemoryRegionSection *section,
                                       target_ulong vaddr,
                                       hwaddr paddr, hwaddr xlat,
                                       int prot,
                                       target_ulong *address);
bool memory_region_is_unassigned(struct uc_struct* uc, MemoryRegion *mr);

#endif

/**
 * cpu_can_do_io:
 * @cpu: The CPU for which to check IO.
 *
 * Deterministic execution requires that IO only be performed on the last
 * instruction of a TB so that interrupts take effect immediately.
 *
 * Returns: %true if memory-mapped IO is safe, %false otherwise.
 */
static inline bool cpu_can_do_io(CPUState *cpu)
{
    return true;
}

// Unicorn: Used for freeing
void phys_mem_clean(AddressSpace *as);

#endif